Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la enfermedad hepática crónica. Su rol en el hepatocarcinoma
Resumen
El incremento de la traslocación de bacterias intestinales es característico en pacientes con enfermedad hepática crónica y favorece la inflamación y la fibrosis del hígado.1-3 Se ha implicado a la microbiota intestinal en la patogénesis y progresión de enfermedades hepáticas como Enfermedad Grasa Hepática No alcohólica, Esteatohepatitis no alcohólica, Colangitis Esclerosante Primaria, Enfermedad hepática por Falla intestinal y el Hepatocarcinoma. Numerosas investigaciones al respecto, vienen señalando que la microbiota intestinal y los receptores tipo Toll (TLRs) promueven el Hepatocarcinoma (HCC).1,4 La Hepatocarcinogenesis involucra a los TLR4 y a la microbiota intestinal, pero estos, no son requeridos para la iniciación del HCC sino para su promoción, mediante el incremento de la proliferación, expresión de la epiregulina hepatomitogena y la prevención de la apoptosis.4,5 La esterilización del intestino en etapas tardías de la hepatocarcinogenesis , previenen el HCC , por lo que de allí se desprenden que tanto la microbiota como estos receptores tipo Toll, representan blancos terapéuticos para la prevención del HCC en pacientes con enfermedad hepática crónica avanzada.4-6
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61155/gen.v70i2.98
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