Physiological Biomarkers Associated with Psychological Activation: A Statistical Analysis of Wearable-Derived Signals

Mariela González

Métricas obtenidas de Google Analytics a partir de octubre de 2024.

19 vistas totales
19 vistas en el último mes

Resumen


Introduction: Physiological activation, reflected in autonomic regulation, is a key component of emotional and stress-related processes. Wearable technologies enable continuous monitoring of biometric signals in real-world settings, offering a scalable approach to capturing objective physiological correlates of activation. These processes are also relevant in the context of gut–brain interaction, where autonomic dynamics link physiological and emotional states. Objective: To assess the association between wearable-derived physiological biomarkers—heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate (HR), and skin temperature—in relation to self-reported activation states, while evaluating the consistency of activation-related physiological patterns across different wearable devices. Materials and Methods: Data from 1,000 adults in Chile were analyzed. Physiological signals were obtained using commercial wearable devices (Fitbit, Xiaomi, Oura) and a medical-grade device (Empatica). Activation states were categorized as High or Low based on self-reported arousal at the time of measurement. Statistical analyses focused on correlation, group comparisons, and regression analyses. Results: HRV showed a strong inverse association with activation (r = -0.62, p < 0.001), while HR was positively associated (r = 0.55, p < 0.001), and temperature demonstrated a weaker but significant relationship (r = 0.18, p = 0.02). Regression analyses confirmed HRV and HR as the strongest independent correlates of activation (OR = 0.72 and 1.34, respectively; both p < 0.001), whereas temperature showed a more modest association (OR = 1.18, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Wearable-derived physiological biomarkers capture a robust and consistent pattern of autonomic activation characterized by reduced HRV and increased HR. These findings may also inform research on the brain–gut axis, where autonomic regulation plays a central role.

 

ESCUCHE EL RESUMEN HANCIENDO CLIC EN EL IDIOMA DE SU PREFERENCIA:

Español
English
Portugués
Japones

Palabras clave


Physiological biomarkers; physiological activation; heart rate variability; skin temperature: wearable devices.

Texto completo:

PDF

Referencias


World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017. Available from: https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/254610

Vigo D, Thornicroft G, Atun R. Estimating the true global burden of mental illness. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(2):171-8. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00505-2.

Hickey BA, Chalmers T, Newton P, Lin CT, Sibbritt D, McLachlan CS, et al. Smart devices and wearable technologies to detect and monitor mental health conditions: a systematic review. Sensors (Basel). 2021;21(10):3461. doi:10.3390/s21103461.

Gomes N, Pato M, Lourenço A, Datia N. A survey on wearable sensors for mental health monitoring. Sensors (Basel). 2023;23(3):1330. doi:10.3390/s23031330.

Koch C, Wilhelm M, Salzmann S, Rief W, Euteneuer F. A meta-analysis of heart rate variability in major depression. Psychol Med. 2019;49(12):1948-57. doi:10.1017/S003329 1719001351.

Shaffer F, Ginsberg JP. An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms. Front Public Health. 2017;5:258. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00258.

Chalmers JA, Quintana DS, Abbott MJ, Kemp AH. Anxiety disorders are associated with reduced heart rate variability: a meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2014;5:80. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00080.

Kim HG, Cheon EJ, Bai DS, Lee YH, Koo BH. Stress and heart rate variability: a meta-analysis and review of the literature. Psychiatry Investig. 2018;15(3):235-45. doi:10.30773/pi.2017.08.17.

Appelhans BM, Luecken LJ. Heart rate variability as an index of regulated emotional responding. Rev Gen Psychol. 2006;10(3):229-40. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.10.3.229.

Critchley HD. Electrodermal responses: what happens in the brain. Neuroscientist. 2002;8(2):132-42. doi:10.1177/ 107385840200800209.

Garfinkel SN, Critchley HD. Interoception, emotion and brain. Trends Cogn Sci. 2013;17(12):656-65. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.09.007.

Drossman DA. Functional gastrointestinal disorders: history, pathophysiology, clinical features and Rome IV. Gastroenterology. 2016;150(6):1262-79.e2. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.032.

Mayer EA. Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut-brain communication. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011;12(8):453-66. doi:10.1038/nrn3071.

Ford AC, Lacy BE, Talley NJ. Irritable bowel syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(26):2566-78. doi:10.1056/NEJ Mra1607547.

Carabotti M, Scirocco A, Maselli MA, Severi C. The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems. Ann Gastroenterol. 2015;28(2):203-9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/25830558/

Breit S, Kupferberg A, Rogler G, Hasler G. Vagus nerve as modulator of the brain-gut axis in psychiatric and inflammatory disorders. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:44. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00044.

Posner J, Russell JA, Peterson BS. The circumplex model of affect: an integrative approach. Dev Psychopathol. 2005;17(3):715-34. doi:10.1017/S0954579405050340.

Lang PJ, Bradley MM, Cuthbert BN. International affective picture system (IAPS): technical manual and affective ratings. Gainesville (FL): University of Florida; 1997.

Thayer JF, Lane RD. A model of neurovisceral integration in emotion regulation. J Affect Disord. 2000;61(3):201-16. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00338-4.

Thayer JF, Åhs F, Fredrikson M, Sollers JJ 3rd, Wager TD. A meta-analysis of heart rate variability and neuroimaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2012;36(2):747-56. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.11.009.

Kemp AH, Quintana DS, Gray MA, Felmingham KL, Brown K, Gatt JM. Impact of depression on heart rate variability. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;67(11):1067-74. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.012.

Holtmann GJ, Shah A, Morrison M. Pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders: a holistic overview. Dig Dis. 2017;35 Suppl 1:5-13. doi:10.1159/000485409.

Bonaz B, Bazin T, Pellissier S. The vagus nerve at the interface of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Front Neurosci. 2018;12:49. doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00049.

Mayer EA, Tillisch K. The brain-gut axis in abdominal pain syndromes. Annu Rev Med. 2011;62:381-96. doi:10.1146/annurev-med-012309-103958.

Furness JB. The enteric nervous system and neurogastroenterology. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;9(5):286-94. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2012.32.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61155/gen.v80i2.820
NUESTROS PATROCINADORES