Diagnóstico endoscópico de Metaplasia Intestinal Gástrica en pacientes con Helicobacter pylori mediante endoscopia de imagen mejorada BLI
Resumen
Introducción: El Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) induce una potente respuesta inflamatoria por parte de la mucosa gástrica que produce una serie de alteraciones celulares secuenciales conocidas como la “cascada de Correa”: gastritis, atrofia, metaplasia intestinal (MIG) y, eventualmente, displasia y Cáncer Gástrico (CG). Al ser la MIG un marcador fenotípico temprano en la secuencia carcinogénica gástrica, queda identificado como un factor de riesgo para el CG, esto hace que el diagnóstico endoscópico de la MIG sea importante en pacientes con H pylori. Con el uso de la endoscopia con imagen mejorada (IEE) y Cromoendoscopia Electrónica BLI se puede hacer el diagnóstico de MIG, siendo los hallazgos en los patrones de superficie y vasculares muy consistentes. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de MIG Completa (MIGC) o MIG Incompleta (MIGI) en paciente con infección por H pylori mediante el diagnóstico endoscópico con IEE y BLI. Materiales y métodos: Se le realizó gastroscopias a 750 y 219 (38,8%) tenían diagnóstico histológico de infección por H pylori de los cuales 60 pacientes (27,4%) tenían diagnóstico endoscópico de MIG: MIGC 49 (82%) y MIGI 11 (18%). Diagnóstico histológico: MIGC 46 (77%) y MIGI 11 (18%). Conclusión: La IEE y BLI mostraron una alta sensibilidad (100%) y especificidad (97%) para la detección de MIG, lo que la convierte en una herramienta diagnóstica confiable.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61155/gen.v79i3.751
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Autor: Dr. Juan Carlos González
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ISSN: 0016-3503 e-ISSN: 2477-975X